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Apex triggers are used to perform custom actions on records in Salesforce. They are pieces of code that automatically execute before or after specific DML operations, such as insert, update, delete, or undelete actions on Salesforce records. This allows admins and developers to set up business logic that runs in response to database changes, enabling the automation of processes like validation, complex business rules, or cascading changes to related records.

For example, a trigger might automatically update a related record, send notifications, or enforce specific business rules whenever a record is created or modified. This mechanism is essential for customizing Salesforce to fit the unique needs of an organization beyond the built-in capabilities of the platform.

Other options like creating user interfaces, generating data visualizations, or managing user permissions relate more to other aspects of Salesforce, such as Visualforce, Lightning components, or permission sets, but do not pertain to the specific use case of Apex triggers.